IOT inoreva iyo chaiyo-nguva muunganidzwa wechero chinhu kana maitiro anoda kuongororwa, kubatana, uye kupindirana, pamwe nekunzwika kwayo, chiedza, kupisa, magetsi, mechanics, chemistry, biology, nzvimbo uye rumwe ruzivo rwunodiwa kuburikidza nekusiyana-siyana kunogoneka. kuwana network kuburikidza nemidziyo yakasiyana siyana uye matekinoroji akadai sema sensors eruzivo, radio frequency identification tekinoroji, global positioning system, infrared sensors, laser scanners, etc. Kuona kubatana kuri kwese kuri pakati pezvinhu nezvinhu, uye pakati pezvinhu nevanhu, uye kuona maonero ane hungwaru. , kuzivikanwa uye kutonga kwezvinhu uye maitiro.Iyo Internet yezvinhu inotakura ruzivo yakavakirwa paInternet, yechinyakare telecommunication network, nezvimwewo, iyo inogonesa zvese zvakajairika zvinhu zvemuviri zvinogona kugadziridzwa zvakazvimirira kuti zvigadzire network yakabatana.
Nhanganyaya yezviyero zvekutaurirana muInternet yezvinhu zvenyika
Iyo tekinoroji yekutaurirana yeInternet yezvinhu inogona kukamurwa kuita chinhambwe chipfupi uye chinhambwe chakareba zvinoenderana neiyo chiratidzo chekufambisa.Iyo ipfupi tekinoroji yekufambisa tekinoroji zvinoenderana neiyo huru matekinoroji anosanganisira Wi-Fi, ZigBee, Z-Wave, Thread, Bluetooth™, Wi-SUN, nezvimwewo. Inonyanya kushandiswa kune nharembozha dziripo senge mbozha nhare, mahwendefa uye zvinopfekwa. kana imba yakangwara, fekitori yakangwara uye mwenje wakangwara uye mamwe minda.Kare, matekinoroji ekutaurirana kureba ainyanya 2G, 3G, 4G nemamwe matekinoroji ekufambisa mashoko.Nekudaro, nekuda kwezvakasiyana zvekutumira zvinodiwa zveInternet yezvinhu (iot), senge bandwidth yakakura uye kunonoka kuderera, akawanda iot application ane diki data packet zvinodiwa uye yakanyanya kunonoka kushivirira, uye panguva imwechete inoda kuvhara zvakanyanya kana kudzika. muvhu nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakadzivirirwa zvakanyanya.Pazvishandiso zviri pamusoro, tekinoroji yekutaurirana ine chinhambwe chakareba uye Low Power kushandiswa kwakagadzirwa, iyo inozivikanwa pamwe chete seLow Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN), uye NB-IoT ndiyo huru tekinoroji yekukurukurirana tekinoroji yerezinesi remushandisi.Iyi inotevera dhizaini yakapfava yeInternet yezvinhu system.
Short Range Wireless kutaurirana Tekinoroji: Iyo Yekupedzisira mamaira yeInternet yezvinhu zvenyika
Kana sarudzo yaitwa zvinoenderana nehunhu hwehurefu husina waya hwekutaurirana tekinoroji, kupfupika kutaurirana negeneral microcontroller kunoita basa rakakosha mumudziyo wekupedzisira, kunyanya nema sensors ekuunganidza data.
WIFI: Wireless LAN yakavakirwa paIEEE 802.11 yakajairwa, inogona kutariswa senge ipfupi kureba isina waya yeLAN wired LAN.Zvese zvaunoda kumisikidza WIFI ndeye isina waya AP kana isina waya router, uye mutengo wakaderera.
Zigbee:inobva paIEEE802.15.4 chiyero chekumhanya kwakaderera, chinhambwe chipfupi, kushandiswa kwesimba kwakaderera, nzira mbiri dzisina waya dzekukurukurirana tekinoroji LAN communication protocol, inozivikanwawo seyepepuru nyuchi protocol.Zvimiro: Kuvhara siyana, kuderera kuoma, kuzvironga (kuzvigadzirisa, kuzvigadzirisa, uye kuzvigadzirisa), kushandiswa kwesimba kwakaderera, uye kuderera kwedata.ZigBee maprotocol akakamurwa kuita chidimbu chemuviri (PHY), media access Control layer (MAC), transport layer (TL), network layer (NWK), uye application layer (APL) kubva pasi kusvika kumusoro.Iyo yemuviri layer uye midhiya yekuwana control layer inoenderana neIEEE 802.15.4 chiyero.Iyo inonyanya kushandiswa kune Sensor uye Kudzora maapplication.Inogona kushanda mumabhendi matatu e2.4GHz (yakakurumbira pasi rose), 868MHz (yakakurumbira kuEurope) uye 915MHz (yakakurumbira kuAmerica), ine mwero wepamusoro wekutapurirana we250kbit/s, 20kbit/s uye 40kbit/s, zvichiteerana.Single point transmission distance iri pakati pe10-75m, ZigBee inzvimbo isina waya yekutumira data network inoumbwa neiyo imwe kusvika 65535 isina waya yekufambisa data modules, mune yese network network, yega ZigBee network data transmission module inogona kutaurirana kubva kune imwe. mwero 75m chinhambwe chekuwedzera kusingagumi.MaZigBee node ane simba-anoshanda zvakanyanya, ane mabhatiri anogara kubva pamwedzi mitanhatu kusvika kumakore maviri uye anosvika gumi emakore muhope mode,
Z-Wave: Iyo ipfupi renji isina waya yekutaurirana tekinoroji yakavakirwa paRF, yakaderera mutengo, yakaderera simba rekushandisa, yakakwirira kuvimbika uye yakakodzera kune network, inotungamirwa neZensys, kambani yeDanish.Iyo inoshanda frequency bhendi ndeye 908.42MHz(USA) ~ 868.42MHz(Europe), uye FSK(BFSK/GFSK) modulation mode inogamuchirwa.Nhamba yekufambisa data ndeye 9.6 kb kusvika 40kb / s, uye iyo inoshanda yekuvhara huwandu hwechiratidzo ndeye 30m mukati uye kupfuura 100m kunze, iyo inokodzera kushandiswa kwakatetepa kwebroadband.Z-Wave inoshandisa dynamic routing tekinoroji.Imwe neimwe yeZ-Wave network ine yayo network kero (HomeID).Kero (NodeID) yenode yega yega mune network inopihwa neMutongi.Imwe neimwe network inogona kubata inokwana 232 nodes (Varanda), kusanganisira control node.Zensys inopa Dynamically Yakabatanidzwa Raibhurari (DLL) yeWindows kuvandudza uye vanogadzira API mabasa mukati mayo PC software dhizaini.Iyo isina waya network yakavakwa neZ-Wave tekinoroji haingogone chete kuona kure kure kwemidziyo yemumba kuburikidza netiweki michina, asi zvakare kudzora michina muZ-Wave network kuburikidza neInternet network.
Nguva yekutumira: Jan-02-2023
